A large body of scientific research shows that human activity is the main cause of today’s climate change. Independent studies consistently report that between 90 and 100 percent of climate scientists agree that global warming is driven by human actions, with many analyses identifying a consensus of about 97 percent. A major review published in 2021 found that more than 99 percent of peer-reviewed scientific papers support this conclusion, a level of agreement comparable to other well-established scientific theories.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, known as the IPCC, further confirmed this in its 2023 Synthesis Report, stating clearly that human influence is the dominant factor behind current changes in the climate system. IPCC assessments are produced by hundreds of leading scientists, include input from thousands of experts, and are approved by governments around the world, making them one of the most authoritative sources of climate information.
All lines of evidence point to the same conclusion. Human activities, including the burning of fossil fuels, large-scale deforestation, and industrial processes, are driving the rapid warming observed today. Scientific agreement on this issue is overwhelming, consistent, and backed by decades of data.
FACT: Climate change is making storms, floods and wildfires more frequent and more intense
Storms, floods and wildfires have always occurred, but they are becoming more frequent and more intense due to climate change.
Higher temperatures increase atmospheric moisture, which results in heavier rainfall events and stronger winds, raising storm and flood risks. Hotter temperatures also dry out soil and vegetation, creating ideal conditions for wildfires to ignite and spread rapidly. (IPCC)
The number of climate-related hazards has increased fivefold in the past 50 years. In 2024, 45.8 million people were displaced due to weather-related disasters. (UNFCCC, UNHCR)
The economic toll of disasters is accelerating. Average annual costs rose from USD 70–80 billion (1970–2000) to USD 180–200 billion (2001–2020), reflecting the growing intensity and impact of climate-driven extreme events. (UNDRR)